Donald Trump’s presidency was marked by several executive orders and policies that reshaped international relations and global trade dynamics. These policies, though controversial, opened doors for countries like Nigeria to re-evaluate their position in the global order and take advantage of emerging opportunities. Below, we delve into the potential implications of Trump’s executive orders, focusing on how they could benefit Nigeria in a “New World Order.”
1. Shifting Focus from Globalism to Nationalism
Trump’s “America First” policies sought to prioritize domestic interests, reduce dependency on foreign alliances, and focus on bilateral rather than multilateral engagements. While this marked a departure from the traditional U.S.-led globalist agenda, it created room for countries like Nigeria to assert themselves on the global stage. For instance, the reduced emphasis on multilateralism meant that African nations could negotiate bilateral trade deals with the U.S., potentially yielding more favorable terms.
Nigeria’s Potential Advantage:
Nigeria could leverage this shift by promoting its economic agenda directly to the U.S. through trade and investment deals. As Africa’s largest economy and a growing consumer market, Nigeria is well-positioned to attract U.S. investments, particularly in sectors like agriculture, energy, and technology.
2. Trade and Economic Recalibration
Trump’s withdrawal from major trade agreements, such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), and his renegotiation of NAFTA into the USMCA were indicative of his administration’s push to reevaluate global trade norms. This recalibration encouraged emerging economies to explore alternative trade partnerships and diversify their markets.
Nigeria’s Potential Advantage:
Nigeria could capitalize on the vacuum created by these withdrawals by seeking stronger trade ties with the U.S. and its allies. For example, the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), which provides duty-free access for African exports to the U.S., could be a strategic tool for Nigeria to boost its non-oil exports, such as textiles, leather goods, and agricultural products.
3. Energy Policies and Opportunities
Trump’s energy policies focused on promoting U.S. energy independence, reducing reliance on foreign oil, and reviving the coal industry. While this led to a temporary oversupply of crude oil in global markets, it also spurred innovation in renewable energy and natural gas.
Nigeria’s Potential Advantage:
As one of Africa’s largest oil producers, Nigeria faced challenges due to fluctuating oil prices. However, the U.S.’s shift away from Middle Eastern oil presented an opportunity for Nigeria to explore new markets, particularly in Asia. Additionally, Nigeria could adopt advanced technologies developed during Trump’s energy push to modernize its oil and gas infrastructure, improving efficiency and sustainability.
4. Immigration Policies and Brain Gain
Trump’s restrictive immigration policies, including the travel bans on certain countries, sparked global debates. While Nigeria was briefly included in the 2020 expansion of the travel ban, the broader implications highlighted the need for countries to retain and utilize their talent effectively.
Nigeria’s Potential Advantage:
With many Nigerian professionals affected by U.S. immigration restrictions, the country has an opportunity to reverse the “brain drain” by creating favorable conditions for its diaspora to return and contribute to national development. Investments in tech hubs, research institutions, and entrepreneurship could transform Nigeria into a global innovation center, retaining and attracting top talent.
5. Geopolitical Repositioning
Trump’s skepticism toward international institutions such as the United Nations, NATO, and the World Health Organization (WHO) challenged traditional global governance structures. This created a multipolar world where regional powers could play a larger role.
Nigeria’s Potential Advantage:
As a leading voice in Africa, Nigeria can use this geopolitical realignment to strengthen its influence on the continent and beyond. By taking on leadership roles in African Union initiatives, peacekeeping missions, and regional trade agreements like the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), Nigeria can position itself as a key player in shaping the future of the global South.
6. Technology and Digital Transformation
During Trump’s tenure, there was a focus on technological innovation, cybersecurity, and 5G deployment. This presented opportunities for nations to collaborate on emerging technologies while safeguarding their digital sovereignty.
Nigeria’s Potential Advantage:
Nigeria could engage with U.S. tech companies to foster partnerships that drive digital transformation. By investing in education, infrastructure, and regulatory frameworks, Nigeria can become a hub for technology and innovation in Africa, attracting startups and foreign investment.
Conclusion: Embracing the New World Order
Donald Trump’s executive orders and policies represented a departure from traditional U.S. foreign policy, ushering in a “New World Order” characterized by economic nationalism and bilateralism. For Nigeria, these changes present opportunities to redefine its role in the global economy, strengthen its domestic industries, and assert itself as a regional and global power.
To fully capitalize on these opportunities, Nigeria must adopt strategic policies that enhance trade, attract investments, and promote innovation. By doing so, Nigeria can turn the challenges of a shifting global landscape into a platform for sustainable growth and development, ensuring its place in the emerging world order.