In light of the recent intensification of immigration enforcement under President Donald Trump’s administration, it is crucial for non-U.S. citizens residing in the United States to ensure they possess the appropriate documentation to maintain their legal status and avoid potential deportation. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of the essential documents required for various immigration statuses, along with pertinent information to help individuals navigate this challenging period.
1. Proof of Lawful Permanent Residency (Green Card Holders):
Lawful Permanent Residents (LPRs), commonly known as Green Card holders, should always carry evidence of their status. The primary document includes:
- Permanent Resident Card (Form I-551): This card serves as proof of your authorization to live and work permanently in the United States. Ensure that your Green Card is valid and unexpired. If it is nearing expiration or has expired, promptly file Form I-90, Application to Replace Permanent Resident Card, to renew it.
2. Nonimmigrant Visa Holders:
Individuals in the U.S. on temporary visas (e.g., student visas, work visas, tourist visas) must have the following documents:
- Valid Passport: Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your intended period of stay in the U.S., unless exempt by country-specific agreements.
- Nonimmigrant Visa: A valid visa corresponding to your purpose of stay (e.g., F-1 for students, H-1B for specialty workers).
- Form I-94 (Arrival/Departure Record): This document indicates your admission status, the date of entry, and the authorized period of stay. You can retrieve your I-94 online if you do not have a physical copy.
3. Refugees and Asylees:
Individuals granted refugee or asylum status should possess:
- Form I-94 with Refugee/Asylee Stamp: This serves as proof of your status upon entry.
- Employment Authorization Document (EAD) (Form I-766): While not mandatory for all, an EAD allows you to work legally in the U.S.
- Refugee Travel Document (Form I-571): If you plan to travel outside the U.S., this document is essential for re-entry.
4. Individuals with Pending Immigration Applications:
If you have applied for an immigration benefit and are awaiting a decision:
- Receipt Notices: Keep all Form I-797 receipt notices from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) as proof of your pending applications.
- Employment Authorization Document (EAD): If applicable, this permits you to work while your application is processed.
5. DACA Recipients (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals):
Recipients of DACA should maintain:
- Approval Notice: The Form I-797 notice confirming your DACA status.
- Employment Authorization Document (EAD): This document authorizes you to work legally in the U.S.
6. Temporary Protected Status (TPS) Beneficiaries:
Individuals under TPS must have:
- Approval Notice: The Form I-797 notice indicating your TPS approval.
- Employment Authorization Document (EAD): If granted, this allows legal employment during your TPS designation.
7. Visitors (Tourists and Business Travelers):
Short-term visitors should carry:
- Valid Passport: Ensure it remains valid for at least six months beyond your planned departure date.
- Valid Visa or ESTA Authorization: Depending on your country of citizenship, you may need a visa or an approved Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA) under the Visa Waiver Program.
- Proof of Return or Onward Travel: Documents such as return flight tickets can demonstrate your intent to leave the U.S. before your authorized stay expires.
8. Students and Exchange Visitors:
Individuals enrolled in educational or exchange programs must have:
- Form I-20 (for F-1 Students) or Form DS-2019 (for J-1 Exchange Visitors): These forms are issued by your educational institution or program sponsor and must be signed and up-to-date.
- Valid Visa: An F-1 or J-1 visa corresponding to your program.
- Form I-94: Indicating your admission and authorized stay duration.
9. Employment-Based Visa Holders:
Individuals working in the U.S. under employment visas should maintain:
- Valid Passport: With sufficient validity as per requirements.
- Employment Authorization Document (EAD) or Employment-Based Visa: Such as H-1B, L-1, O-1, etc.
- Form I-94: Reflecting your current status and authorized stay.
- Proof of Employment: Recent pay stubs, employment verification letters, or contracts confirming ongoing employment with the sponsoring employer.
10. Individuals in Removal Proceedings:
If you are currently in removal (deportation) proceedings:
- Notice to Appear (NTA): The document issued by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) initiating removal proceedings.
- All Legal Filings and Correspondence: Maintain copies of all documents submitted to and received from the immigration court.
- Proof of Any Relief Applications: Documentation of applications for relief from removal, such as asylum, cancellation of removal, or adjustment of status.
General Recommendations:
- Organize and Safeguard Documents: Keep all original